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| Apollo 1 astronaut Virgil "Gus" Grissom during suiting up operations NASA suit technicians assists astronaut Virgil "Gus" Grissom during suiting up operations prior to the first manned altitude chamber test of the Apollo 204 spacecraft at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. October 18, 1966. |
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| Apollo 204 crew pose for an informal portrait The Apollo 204 crew pose for an informal portrait, March 21, 1966. |
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| Exterior view of the Apollo 204 spacecraft after the fire on January 27, 1967 Exterior view of the Apollo 204 spacecraft after the fire, which killed astronauts Grissom, White and Chaffee during a plugs-out test at the Kennedy Space Center on January 27, 1967. "One of the worst tragedies in the history of spaceflight occurred on this day when the crew of Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee were killed by a flash fire during a pre-flight test. After the disaster, the mission was officially designated "Apollo 1" and "Complex 34" was declared a national historic landmark. |
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| Aerial view of SA-4 on launch Complex 34 with gantry rolled back SA-4 was the last flight to just test the S-I first stage of the Saturn I rocket. As with the first three launches this would be a suborbital flight and would test the structural integrity of the rocket. The major addition to this flight was that to test the rockets ability to deal with an engine failure during the flight, one of the engine would be programmed to shutdown about 100 seconds after launch. If all went well the rocket would reroute the fuel for this engine to the other engines and have the rocket burn longer to compensate for the loss of acceleration. This was used successfully on the later "Apollo 6" and "Apollo 13" flights. Also on this flight, the dummy second stage was outfitted with the aerodynamic design of the real second stage. This included vent ducts, fairings and dummy camera pods. The rocket also flew with antennae designed for the Block II version of the rocket. |
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| Alan B. Shepard, Jr. America's first astronaut stands in front of the Freedom 7 spacecraft Alan B. Shepard, Jr., America's first astronaut, stands in front of the Freedom 7 spacecraft shortly after completion of the third flight of the Mercury-Redstone (MR-3) vehicle, May 5, 1961. During the 15-minute suborbital flight, the Freedom 7 Mercury spacecraft, launched atop a modified Redstone rocket developed by Dr. Wernher von Braun and the rocket team in Huntsville, Alabama, reached an altitude of 115 miles and traveled 302 miles downrange. |
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| Alan Shepard in his space suit just before launch of Mercury spacecraft A closeup of astronaut Alan Shepard in his space suit seated inside the Mercury capsule. He is undergoing a flight simulation test with the capsule mated to the Redstone booster. 4/29/1961. |
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| Alan Shepard moves into Mercury "Freedom 7" capsule Alan Shepard, one of the three prime astronauts, is being inserted into a Mercury capsule. A flight simulation test with a full countdown is programmed for Shepard to check out hardware and launch personnel activities in the Redstone launch. 4/29/1961. |
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| Apollo "204" spacecraft is prepared for mating to "Saturn I-B AS-204" Apollo "204" spacecraft is prepared for mating to "Saturn I-B AS-204", January 6, 1967. |
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| Apollo 1 astronaut Edward H. White II during suiting up operations NASA suit technician assists astronaut Edward H. White II during suiting up operations prior to the first manned altitude chamber test of the Apollo 204 spacecraft at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, October 18, 1966. |
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| Apollo 1 astronaut Virgil "Gus" Grissom during water egress training Astronaut Virgil "Gus" Grissom commander for the first manned Apollo 1 mission is hoisted aboard a US Coast Guard helicopter during water egress training in the Gulf of Mexico. December 6, 1966. |
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| Apollo 1 astronauts Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Edward White II and Roger Chaffee Apollo 1 astronauts (left to right) Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Edward White II and Roger Chaffee in front of the gantry at launch complex 34 at the Kennedy Space Center, January 17, 1967. |
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| Apollo 1 astronauts Edward H. White II, Roger B. Chaffee and Virgil "Gus" Grissom training in command module Apollo 1 astronauts Edward H. White II, Roger B. Chaffee and Virgil "Gus" Grissom training in command module, January 19, 1967. |
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| Apollo 1 astronauts ride the transfer van enroute to launch "Complex 34" Astronauts for the first manned "Apollo 1" mission ride the transfer van enroute to launch "Complex 34", January 25, 1967. |
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| Apollo 1 astronauts Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Edward H. White II and Roger B. Chaffee Apollo 1 astronauts (bottom to top) Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Edward H. White II and Roger B. Chaffee pose on the steps leading to the Apollo Mission Simulator at the Kennedy Space Center. |
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| Apollo 1 astronauts Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Edward White II and Roger Chaffee Apollo 1 astronauts Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Edward White II and Roger Chaffee in front of the gantry at launch complex 34 at the Kennedy Space Center, January 17, 1967. |
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| Apollo 1 backup crew at egress training Apollo 1 backup crew at egress training at the Manned Spacecraft Center. In open hatch holding on to life raft is Astronaut Donn F. Eisele. December 5, 1966. |
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| Apollo 1 backup crew relaxes aboard the NASA Motor Vessel The Apollo 1 backup crew relaxes aboard the NASA Motor Vessel Retriever prior to suiting up for water egress training in the Gulf of Mexico. (l-r) Astronauts Donn F. Eisele, Walter Cunningham, and Walter M. Schirra, Jr. December 6, 1966. |
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| Apollo 1 backup crew water egress training in the Gulf of Mexico Apollo 1 backup crew water egress training. Egressing through open hatch of Apollo boilerplate is Astronaut Walter M. Schirra, Jr. Seated in life raft are Astronauts Donn F. Eisele (l) and Walter Cunningham. December 6, 1966. |
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| Apollo 1 command pilot Virgil "Gus" Grissom is suiting up at KSC Apollo 1 command pilot Virgil "Gus" Grissom is suiting up at Kennedy Space Center in preparation for training aboard the spacecraft at launch complex 34, January 17, 1967. |
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| Apollo 1 crew arrives at launch Complex 34 for test at KSC Apollo 1 crew arrives at launch Complex 34 for test at the Kennedy Space Center, January 25, 1967. |
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| Apollo 1 crew crosses access arm to command module, January 27, 1967 Apollo 1 crew at launch complex 34, crosses an access arm to the command module for the last time at the Kennedy Space Center, "Pad 34". January 27, 1967. "One of the worst tragedies in the history of spaceflight occurred on this day when the crew of Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee were killed by a flash fire during a pre-flight test. After the disaster, the mission was officially designated "Apollo 1" and "Complex 34" was declared a national historic landmark. |
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| Apollo 1 crew during altitude chamber testing Apollo 1 crew arrives for an altitude chamber test at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. October 18, 1966. |
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| Apollo 1 crew enter command service module 012 for testing Prime Apollo crew and command service module 012 during manned altitude test at MSO Building High Bay Chamber. |
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| Apollo 1 crew in training, Gulf of Mexico Prime crew for the first manned "Apollo 1" mission is suited up aboard the NASA Motor Vessel Retriever in preparation for water egress training in the Gulf of Mexico, October 27, 1966. |
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| Apollo 1 crew in transfer van at Kennedy Space Center. January 19, 1967 Apollo 1 crew in transfer van at Kennedy Space Center. January 19, 1967. |
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| Apollo 1 crew suited for chamber test, Kennedy Space Center Apollo 1 crew suited for chamber test at Kennedy Space Center in Florida, October 18, 1966 |
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| Apollo 1 pilot Roger B. Chaffee is suiting up at KSC Apollo 1 pilot Roger B. Chaffee is suiting up at the Kennedy Space Center in preparation for training aboard the spacecraft at launch complex 34, January 17, 1967. |
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| Apollo 1 senior pilot Edward H. White II suiting up at KSC Apollo 1 senior pilot Edward H. White II is suiting up at the Kennedy Space Center in preparation for training aboard the spacecraft at launch complex 34, January 17, 1967. |
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| Apollo 1 Spacecraft 012 CSM being moved to operations building Apollo Spacecraft 012 CSM being moved to operations building at the Kennedy Space Center, January 3, 1967. |
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| Apollo 204 backup crew during suitup prior to altitude chamber tests The Apollo 204 backup crew during suitup prior to altitude chamber tests at Kennedy Space Center, December 29, 1966. |
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